ARTISTIC

• Opposite of classicism • Goodness of the natural • Prominent in Protestant countries • A result of the French Revolution
 * Romanticism (1815-1848)**
 * Definition**- a complex, self-contradictory artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated around the middle of the 18 Century in Western Europe.
 * Romanticism**- reason cannot explain everything
 * Stressed strong emotion, imagination, freedom from classical correctness in art forms, and rebellion against social conventions.**

Characteristics- · THE CULTIVATION OF SENSIBILITY, EMOTION, PASSION, in opposition to classic rationality [and] common sense. . . . · A REVIVED INTEREST IN AND APPRECIATION OF Christianity in general and in particular of CATHOLICISM, now valued for its ritual drama and emotional power. · RELISH OF MEDIEVALISM · ACCLAIM OF THE EXCEPTIONAL MAN, THE TRAGIC HERO, the individual genius/rebel who defies society's conventions · TASTE FOR THE MYSTERIOUS, THE FANTASTIC, THE SUPERNATURAL (AND THE NON-EUROPEAN). · APPRECIATION OF NATURE · RESPECT FOR THE SIMPLE, PRIMITIVE MAN · CONTEMPT FOR THE BOURGEOIS, THE MIDDLE CLASS

Romantic Music-
 * Beethoven- German composer, “Adelaide”, “Fidelio”, “The Four Seasons.”
 * Ludwig Spohr- German composer, “//Die Jahreszeiten// (The Seasons).”
 * Carl Maria von Weber- German composer, “12 allemandes”, "Il memento s'avvicina."
 * Franz Schubert- Austrian composer, “Unfinished Symphony,” “[|Ellens dritter Gesang].”
 * Chopin- French composer invented the ballade, “Funeral March”, “Minute Waltz.”

Important Artists/Poets-
 * Charlotte Bronte - English feminist writer of "Jane Eyre"
 * James Macpherson - Scottish poet, translator of famed Ossian poems
 * Johann Van Goethe - key German literary figure
 * Walter Scott - Scottish author of "Ivanhoe"
 * Novelist - German Romanticist
 * William Wordsworth - British, Co-wrote "lyrical Ballads"
 * Samuel Taylor Coleridge - British, Co-wrote "lyrical Ballads"
 * William Blake - English Poet/Painter
 * Lord Byron - English poet who wrote narrative poems
 * Percy Shelley - husband of Mary Shelley, English poet
 * Mary Shelley - female author of "Frankenstein"
 * John Keats - English romanticist Poet
 * Victor Hugo - French, author of "Les Miserables"
 * Alexander S. Pushkin - Famous Russian Poet

Artists-
 * Casper David Friedrich, Germany (1774-1840) - Wandering Above the Sea of Fog
 * Joseph Mallord William Turner, Britain (1775-1851) - Calais Pier
 * Theodore Gericault, France (1791-1824) – Raft of the Medusa
 * John Constable, Britain (1776-1837) – Salisbury Cathedral
 * Francisco Goya, Spain (1746-1828) – The Shooting of May 3rd, 1808
 * Eugene Delacroix, France (1798-1863) – Liberty Leading the People
 * William Blake, Britain (1757-1827)– Ancient of Days
 * Thomas Gainsborough, England (1727-1788) – The Morning Walk
 * Francesco Hayez, Italy (1791-1882) – The Kiss